Relocating for a job is always a challenge. But human resource executives say that it has become more difficult through the years and that spouse issues are among the biggest hurdles, especially for dual-career couples.

Now, with the economy slowing and job opportunities harder to find, more job-seekers may have to consider moving.

Career coaches and people who have moved several times say that gaining the support of a spouse or significant other is a critical step for employees who have to move.

Karen Armon, an executive coach in Golden, Colo., recommends that employees discuss potential moves with their spouses before getting a formal job offer so that their mates won't feel blindsided.

Once an offer is on the table, it also is helpful to tap any assistance offered by the employer, which may include giving spouses job-hunting help or social-activity contacts. Providing plenty of time for spouses to explore their potential new homes can help too.

Merrill Lynch & Co. is among the companies bolstering support for spouses. It acted after seeing some MBA prospects decline jobs, in part because their significant others didn't want to move.

In January, Merrill created a Web site aimed at the partners of summer associates who are halfway through MBA programs. The site provides links to local transportation, street festivals, baseball tickets and performances. Merrill also plans a social event this summer specifically for associates' mates.

Lauren Casa, who heads MBA campus recruiting for investment banking for the Americas at Merrill, said she has "seen a surge in the importance of the role the partners play in the decision-making process."

Geoffrey Latta, executive vice president of ORC Worldwide, a compensation consultant, said 45 percent of the 900 companies the firm surveyed in fall 2006 had programs for spouses moving abroad, up from 40 percent in a similar 1998 survey.

Such assistance can include career counseling and tuition reimbursement for learning a new language. In addition, many companies offer spouses social help, providing guidebooks and contacts at the new destination, Mr. Latta said.